Who Is Searching for Cyberhate? Adolescents' Characteristics Associated with Intentional or Unintentional Exposure to Cyberhate

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Publikace nespadá pod Ekonomicko-správní fakultu, ale pod Fakultu sociálních studií. Oficiální stránka publikace je na webu muni.cz.
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BEDROŠOVÁ Marie MÝLEK Vojtěch DĚDKOVÁ Lenka VELICU Anca

Rok publikování 2023
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Fakulta sociálních studií

Citace
www https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/cyber.2022.0201
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2022.0201
Klíčová slova cyberhate; intentional and unintentional exposure; adolescents; normative beliefs about aggression; individual factors
Přiložené soubory
Popis Cyberhate is one of the online risks that adolescents can experience online. It is considered a content risk when it is unintentionally encountered and a conduct risk when the user actively searches for it. Previous research has not differentiated between these experiences, although they can concern different groups of adolescents and be connected to distinctive risk factors. To address this, our study first focuses on both unintentional and intentional exposure and investigates the individual-level risk factors that differentiate them. Second, we compare each exposed group of adolescents with those who were not exposed to cyberhate. We used survey data from a representative sample of adolescents (N?=?6,033, aged 12–16 years, 50.3 percent girls) from eight European countries—Czechia, Finland, Flanders, France, Italy, Poland, Romania, and Slovakia—and conducted multinomial logistic regression. Our findings show that adolescents with higher sensation seeking, proactive normative beliefs about aggression (NBA), and who report cyberhate perpetration, are at higher risk of intentionally searching for cyberhate contents compared with those who are unintentionally exposed. In comparison with unexposed adolescents, reporting other risky experiences was a risk factor for both types of exposure. Furthermore, NBA worked differently—reactive NBA was a risk factor for intentional exposure, but proactive NBA did not play a role and even decreased the chance of unintentional exposure. Digital skills increased both types of exposure. Our findings stress the need to differentiate between intentional and unintentional cyberhate exposure and to examine proactive and reactive NBA separately.
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