DNA repair mechanisms in yeast
| Authors | |
|---|---|
| Year of publication | 2009 |
| Type | Article in Proceedings |
| Conference | 37th Annual Conference on Yeast |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Web | http://www.chem.sk/yeast/konferencia/conf37.html |
| Field | Biochemistry |
| Keywords | DNA repair; DNA damage; replication; genomic instability |
| Description | DNA replication is typically highly processive mechanism with astonishing precision, despite the fact that it frequently encounters barriers caused by endogenous and exogenous genotoxic agents. It is not surprising that DNA replication does not act alone, but operates in coordination with homologous recombination (HR), and other DNA repair processes to overcome such replication obstacles to ensure cellular viability, and achieve genomic stability. Numerous mechanisms by which replication forks can be restarted following arrest have been described. Some of the pathways enable the cells to deal with such impediments while keeping the fork in place, including repriming, template switch, and translesion synthesis, others may provoke partial or complete fork collapse followed by fork reversal. This could not only provide time and space for repair but also liberate the new strand to undergo template switch. Alternatively, the fork can be cleaved, creating the DSB break that is repaired by recombination machinery with ability to restart the replication fork. Inability to remove toxic DNA structures often leads to their accumulation, higher mutation frequency and eventually to cancer or other diseases associated with genomic instability. |
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