Obnova zaniklých slanisk u Šakvic na jižní Moravě
| Title in English | Restoration of vanished saline habitats near Šakvice in southern Moravia |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2021 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Zprávy České botanické společnosti |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Web | https://botanospol.cz/cs/node/6616 |
| Keywords | Czech Republic; ecological restoration; flora; halophyte; plant community; saline; saltmarsh; vascular plants; vegetation |
| Description | Halophytic fl ora and vegetation used to occur at many sites in the lowlands of southern Moravia (southeastern Czech Republic), but they largely vanished by the 1970s. Impoverished remnants have survived at a few sites. We found new occurrences of halophyte species and plant communities in an area where they were considered to have disappeared: in the shallow valley of the Štinkovka stream between the southeastern periphery of the town of Hustopeče and its mouth into the Nové Mlýny reservoir near the village of Šakvice (Břeclav district). The saline habitats are located in wet depressions on arable land and in recently restored areas of semi-natural vegetation on former arable land. The highest concentration of halophytes occurs along the Štinkovka stream between the villages of Starovičky and Šakvice. The area with the best developed halophytic fl ora and vegetation is located east of the village of Šakvice. This area was arable land until 2018, when it was transformed into a semi-natural area by creating a pond and several shallow pools, planting groups of trees and shrubs, sowing a grassland and leaving some places to spontaneous succession. Halophytes established spontaneously on abandoned arable land and on deposits of earth removed from the pond and pools. We found 20 species of halophytes and subhalophytes along the Štinkovka stream, including the critically endangered Crypsis schoenoides, Juncus gerardii, Puccinellia distans, Pulicaria dysenterica, Samolus valerandi and Spergularia marina. We also observed and documented by vegetation plots six halophytic and subhalophytic associations: Tripleurospermo inodori-Bolboschoenetum planiculmis (alliance Eleocharito palustris-Sagittarion sagittifoliae), Schoenoplectetum tabernaemontani (Meliloto dentati-Bolboschoenion maritimi), Puccinellietum limosae (Puccinellion limosae), Agrostio stoloniferae-Juncetum ranarii (Juncion gerardii), Veronico anagalloidis-Lythretum hyssopifoliae (Verbenion supinae) and Heleochloëtum schoenoidis (Cypero-Spergularion salinae). The successful restoration of halophytic fl ora and vegetation at this site contributes to the growing body of evidence that the disappeared saline habitats and their specialized fl ora and vegetation can be partially restored from buried seed banks if suitable ecological conditions are created through engineered reclamation. However, continued management is required to maintain the halophytic fl ora, particularly the removal of reeds and other strongly competitive plants through grazing, mowing and periodic disturbance of the soil surface. Halophytic fl ora and vegetation used to occur at many sites in the lowlands of southern Moravia (southeastern Czech Republic), but they largely vanished by the 1970s. Impoverished remnants have survived at a few sites. We found new occurrences of halophyte species and plant communities in an area where they were considered to have disappeared: in the shallow valley of the Štinkovka stream between the southeastern periphery of the town of Hustopeče and its mouth into the Nové Mlýny reservoir near the village of Šakvice (Břeclav district). The saline habitats are located in wet depressions on arable land and in recently restored areas of semi-natural vegetation on former arable land. The highest concentration of halophytes occurs along the Štinkovka stream between the villages of Starovičky and Šakvice. The area with the best developed halophytic fl ora and vegetation is located east of the village of Šakvice. This area was arable land until 2018, when it was transformed into a semi-natural area by creating a pond and several shallow pools, planting groups of trees and shrubs, sowing a grassland and leaving some places to spontaneous succession. |
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