Why Differentiation Therapy Sometimes Fails: Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Retinoids

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Authors

CHLAPEK Petr SLÁVIKOVÁ Viera MAZÁNEK Pavel ŠTĚRBA Jaroslav VESELSKÁ Renata

Year of publication 2018
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source International Journal of Molecular Sciences
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/1/132
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010132
Keywords retinoids; cell differentiation; differentiation therapy; mechanisms of resistance
Description In this review, we summarize the most common changes in retinoid metabolism and action that may affect the sensitivity of a tumor cell to treatment with retinoids. The availability of retinoids can be regulated by alterations in retinol metabolism or in retinoid intracellular transport, by degradation of retinoids or by their efflux from the cell. Retinoid effects on gene expression can be regulated via retinoid receptors or via other molecules in the transcriptional complex. Finally, the role of small-molecular-weight inhibitors of altered cell signaling pathways in overcoming the resistance to retinoids is also suggested.
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