Local regulation of the Srs2 helicase by the SUMO-like domain protein Esc2 promotes recombination at sites of stalled replication

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Authors

URULANGODI Madhusoodanan ŠEBESTA Marek MENOLFI Demis SZAKAL Barnabas SOLLIER Julie SISÁKOVÁ Alexandra KREJČÍ Lumír BRANZEI Dana

Year of publication 2015
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Genes and Development
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Medicine

Citation
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.265629.115
Field Genetics and molecular biology
Keywords DNA damage tolerance; replication; recombination; SUMO; genotoxic stress
Description Accurate completion of replication relies on the ability of cells to activate error-free recombination-mediated DNA damage bypass at sites of perturbed replication. However, as anti-recombinase activities are also recruited to replication forks, how recombination-mediated damage bypass is enabled at replication stress sites remained puzzling. Here we uncovered that the conserved SUMO-like domain-containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Esc2 facilitates recombination-mediated DNA damage tolerance by allowing optimal recruitment of the Rad51 recombinase specifically at sites of perturbed replication. Mechanistically, Esc2 binds stalled replication forks and counteracts the anti-recombinase Srs2 helicase via a two-faceted mechanism involving chromatin recruitment and turnover of Srs2. Importantly, point mutations in the SUMO-like domains of Esc2 that reduce its interaction with Srs2 cause suboptimal levels of Rad51 recruitment at damaged replication forks. In conclusion, our results reveal how recombination-mediated DNA damage tolerance is locally enabled at sites of replication stress and globally prevented at undamaged replicating chromosomes.
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