Nové trendy ve výzkumu mikroRNA u solidních nádorů
| Title in English | New trends in microRNA research in solid cancers |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2012 |
| Type | Conference abstract |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs 18-25 nucleotide long that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in different biological processes including apoptosis or differentiation, but also malignant transformation. The changes in miRNA expression profiles were described earlier in most solid cancers. Mechanistic studies in tumor cells proved that miRNAs can act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Moreover, the newest observations describe the potancial of particular miRNAs to act as oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on context. These observations extended the concept of molecular pathogenesis of tumor diseases and indicated the potencial of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers but also as potential therapeutic targets. Specific expression profiles of miRNAs were in patients with solid tumors utilized to determination of prognosis or prediction of response to therapy. MiRNAs are also detected in plasma or serum, but also in urine and cerebrospinal fluid. They are highly stable and show good analytical properties. They are also very promising therapeutic targets. Our communication includes news regarding biogenesis and function of miRNAs, izomiRs, competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), the role of miRNAs in tumor biology and their involvment in malignant transformation. |
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