The role of stathmin expression in the differential diagnosis, prognosis, and potential treatment of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors

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Authors	SAFANDA Adam BARTU Michaela Kendall MICHALKOVA Romana SVAJDLER Marian SHATOKHINA Tetiana LACO Jan MATEJ Radoslav MEHES Gabor DROZENOVA Jana HAUSNEROVÁ Jitka SPURKOVA Zuzana SKARDA Jozef HACOVA Maria NALEZINSKA Monika DUNDR Pavel NEMEJCOVA Kristyna
Year of publication	2024
Type	Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source	Diagnostic Pathology
MU Faculty or unit	Faculty of Medicine
Citation
Web	https://diagnosticpathology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13000-024-01541-x
Doi	http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13000-024-01541-x
Keywords	Stathmin; Immunohistochemistry; Ovarian tumors; Sex cord-stromal tumors; Ovary
Description	Background Stathmin, a cytosolic microtubule-destabilizing phosphoprotein involved in the regulation of mitosis, is widely expressed in various malignancies and acts as an adverse prognostic factor. Our research analyzed its immunohistochemical expression on a large cohort of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors, evaluating its potential utility in differential diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic application. Methods We examined 390 cases of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors including 281 adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT), 5 juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCT), 33 Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (SLCT), 50 fibromas/thecomas (F/T), 11 Leydig cell tumors/steroid cell tumors (LCT/SterCT), 5 sex-cord stromal tumors NOS (SCST-NOS), 3 Sertoli cell tumors (SCT), and 2 sclerosing stromal tumors (ScST). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using TMAs. Results Strong expression (> 50%) was observed in all cases of AGCT, JGCT, SLCT, SCST-NOS, SCT and 1 ScST. The other case of ScST exhibited mild expression (5-10%). The negative cases included exclusively F/T and LCT/SterCT, with F/T showing 24% of negative cases and LCT/SterCT comprising 64% of negative cases. Conclusion The results of our study indicate that stathmin is neither a prognostic marker nor suitable for the differential diagnosis of challenging cases of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. However, its predictive value may be theoretically significant, as a decrease in stathmin expression potentialy influences response to chemotherapy treatment.
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